警惕打着高科技旗号的保健骗局

       网上有叫卖“量子挂坠”，据说可以防癌症。这类骗局一方面利用高科技概念，一方面利用公众对健康的诉求，以及对高科技概念的陌生和敬畏，从而创造了种种神乎其神的产品。打着“量子”旗号的伪科学或骗局，不仅仅有据说能防癌的“量子挂坠”，还有“量子水”“量子健康检测仪”，甚至“量子医学”。尽管早在2014年《中国科学报》就批判过“量子医学”概念是伪科学，但依然阻挡不了“量子医学研究院”之类的机构遍地开花。很多人把“年轻的科学”与“古老的传统”相对比，认为科学太年轻不值得相信，但是，当骗子们把高科技贴上古老的“养生”标签，吹嘘立竿见影的“神奇功效”时，很多人又立刻轻信了。

　　进一步来说，打着高科技旗号的骗局并不是今天才有的。早在20世纪90年代初，随着纳米科技的兴起，诸多“纳米洗衣机”“纳米鞋垫”之类的产品曾流行一时。如果继续翻历史，我们还能找到更多例子。甚至在今天，仍有很多打着保健养生旗号的伪科学产品在继续流行，比如“破壁孢子粉”“磁化水”“负离子吹风机”“远红外理疗仪”，中老年人上当受骗的尤其多。

      市面上曾出现号称治百病的“纳米磁能裤”，全名叫“血行通脉纳米磁能裤”，包装盒右下角标注着“全国统一零售价：98元”。盒子的背面是产品说明，列出了该内裤针对痔疮、风湿病、高血压、胃炎、前列腺炎等疾病有疗效。结果：这就是一个骗局。

但是纳米医学本身是科学，在某些领域已经有了一定应用。

今天朗读的内容就是关于纳米医学。

 

Nanomedicine

 

Many diseases originate from alterations in biologic processes at the molecular or nanoscale level. 

Mutated genes, misfolded proteins, and infections caused by viruses or bacteria can lead to cell malfunction or miscommunication, sometimes leading to life-threatening diseases. 

These molecules and infectious agents are nanometers in size and may be located in biologic systems that are protected by nanometer-size barriers, such as nuclear pores 9 nm in diameter. 

Their chemical properties, size, and shape appear to dictate the transport of molecules to specific biologic compartments and the interactions between molecules.

The field of nanomedicine aims to use the properties and physical characteristics of nanomaterials for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases at the molecular level.

Nanomaterials are now being designed to aid the transport of diagnostic or therapeutic agents through biologic barriers; to gain access to molecules; to mediate molecular interactions; and to detect molecular changes in a sensitive, high throughput manner. 

In contrast to atoms and macroscopic materials, nanomaterials have a high ratio of surface area to volume as well as tunable optical, electronic, magnetic, and biologic properties, and they can be engineered to have different sizes, shapes, chemical compositions, surface chemical characteristics, and hollow or solid structures. 

This overview describes the properties of nanomaterials, their principal medical applications, and the future possibilities for this emerging field.